Toward an Ethical Framework for the Outcomes of Web-based Collective Intelligence
Abstract
Collective intelligence intends to become a full discipline with its formal frameworks, tools, measuring instruments, practical applications, and ethical field. The increasing capabilities of collaborative IT and Web-based applications are playing a vital role in providing the support and facilities to harvest, share, and apply collective intelligence. This study aims to develop an ethical framework for the outcomes of Web-based collective intelligence in business organizations. The framework is derived from a combination of traditional ethical theories, moral intelligence theories, and ethical frameworks of collaboration and decision-making in the context of IT. The framework considered five expected ethical outcomes that have to be evaluated and monitored. These outcomes include justice, satisfaction, trust, commitment, and pleasure.
Investigating the Engage in Electronic Societies via Facebook in the Arab World
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a comprehensive framework to elucidate the relationship between members’ motivations, attitudes, behavior, and usage patterns of Social Networking Sites (SNSs) as a platform of Electronic Societies (e-societies) focusing on Facebook social networking platform. A questionnaire survey method was used to collect data. The sample included Facebook users from six Arab countries. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), using EQS, was conducted to analyze the data. The results indicated that motivations to engage in e-societies via Facebook, including self-presentation, social interaction, and curiosity, play a pivotal role in explaining Facebook user’s attitudes, electronic behavior, and usage patterns. The findings suggest that Facebook has succeeded in providing the fundamental building blocks of e-society construction and copying the features of physical societies, satisfying the basic human needs of social networking. The present study contributes to a deeper understanding of why and how people join the SNSs as a major standardized instrument in building the universal e-societies across boundaries, languages, and cultures.
The impact of Arab cultural values on online social networking:
The case of Facebook
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of cultural values on motivations and attitudes toward Social Networking Sites (SNSs) in the Arab world, and the factors affecting the continuity of membership value. Online questionnaire was used to collect data from the Arab Facebook members. Structural Equation Modeling, using EQS was conducted to analyze the data. The results indicated to a disparity in cultural impact on motivations and attitudes. At the time that Arab youth seek to liberate from all the kinds of restrictions to satisfy their human needs through joining SNSs, their attitudes are still influenced by the cultural values of Arab nation. The results also revealed a significant effect of members’ motivations, attitudes, and usage on the continuity of Facebook membership value. The present study contributes to the continuing discussion about why and how people engage in SNSs from different nations’ cultures, especially after the critical roles of SNSs in so-called Arab Spring.
The Critical Success Factors of Web-Based Supply Chain Collaboration Adoption: An Empirical Study
Abstract
This chapter aims to identify the Critical Success Factors (CSFs) and outcomes of Web-based Supply Chain Collaboration (SCC). A total of 230 questionnaires were initially distributed to sample respondents of seven manufacturing firms in Jordan that use Web systems to collaborate with supply chain members. The results showed that top management support, IT infrastructure, training and education, business processes reengineering, trust among partners, open information sharing, and performance measurement are critical factors for Web-based SCC implementation success. In addition, this study revealed that Web-based SCC implementation is positively related to supply chain relationship quality, performance effectiveness, and performance efficiency.
Affecting Factors of Knowledge Sharing on CRM: An Empirical Investigation Using Structural Equation Modeling
Abstract
This study investigates the possible relationship between Knowledge Sharing (KS) strategies and CRM value strategies, where knowledge sharing dimensions i.e.,-leadership, trust and care, concept ba, knowledge culture and ergonomics role- affected on CRM value strategies-operational excellence, innovation process and customer intimacy-. It hypothesized a direct positive relationship between KS and CRM. Items representing the KS and CRM were developed from the findings of a wide review of literature that encouraging utilizes KS on CRM. To test this model we develop and validate a data collection instrument to capture the appropriate data, and then use SEM to examine the assertions of the model and suggest additional significant relationships among the factors of their model. The main findings suggested that companies under study should focus on and pay attention more to knowledge from customer to harvest CRM value.
An Empirical Study of Household Internet Continuance Adoption among Jordanian Users
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a theoretical model of household Internet behavioral adoption, its actual usage by Jordanians, and the intentions on continuous subscription in the future. In deriving the conceptual model for this study three existing research frameworks are concerned with behavioral adoption and usage of ICT :the theory of planned behavior (TPB); the technology acceptance model (TAM); and uses and gratifications (U&G) theory. Since this study is concerned with acceptance and actual usage of household Internet which has already taken place, the model give more attention to usage behavior and the intention to continued usage of the household Internet in the future based on the past Jordanian experience and subscription. The empirical examination of study model indicates that the Jordanian household Internet usage behavior is determined directly by three internal beliefs, including individual perceived needs, perceived ease of use, and perceived behavioral control. Furthermore, the results revealed that the adopter satisfaction, family, subjective norms, and perceived resources are directly influence on the Jordanian users’ intention to continued use of the Internet in household.
Governance of information technology–business relationship quality and performance outcomes
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to develop a comprehensive model for identifying the nature of relationship between information technology governance, IT-business relationship quality and performance outcomes. The questionnaire survey method was used to collect data from the Jordan Customs Department. The results indicated that IT governance has a direct positive effect on IT-business relationship quality. IT governance was also found to have a direct positive effect on performance outcomes as a whole. The findings support is the success of practitioners in their efforts to provide the necessary conditions for building a healthy IT-business relationship and improving the performance outcomes of IT adoption.
The Adoption of Web-Based Supply Chain Management Applications:
An Institutional Perspective
Abstract
The objective of this study is to develop a comprehensive model to explain why organizations adopt Web-based Supply Chain Management (SCM) applications from an institutional perspective. Questionnaire survey was used to collect data from manufacturing firms in Jordan. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), using EQS was used to analyze the data. The results indicated that the environmental coercive and mimetic pressures and organizational characteristics have a positive effect on the top management’s perception and support of Web-based SCM adoption and usage. Furthermore, the study revealed that the Web-based SCM applications represent the pool that reflects the degree of response to institutional pressures. This study was the first to empirically explain why organizations adopt Web-based SCM from an institutional perspective, adding new contribution to the developing literature on Web-based SCM. Understanding the external pressures and the effect of organizational factors will provide the practitioners with better knowledge on how to manage the adoption of Web-based SCM applications.
The Driving Internal Beliefs of Household Internet Adoption among Jordanians and the Role of Cultural Values
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a comprehensive model for the determinants of household Internet adoption through identifying the driving internal beliefs of individuals and the effect of cultural values on behavioral intention to adopt the household Internet among Jordanians. Given the widely recognized effect of cultural values on adoption of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), this study, applying Hofstede’s multidimensional framework, investigated the effect of cultural values on the behavioral intention to household Internet adoption in micro level. The empirical examination of the research model indicated that the behavioral intention to household Internet adoption is determined directly by five internal beliefs, including perceived needs, perceived risks, perceived ease of use, perceived resources, and perceived image. The results provide supporting empirical evidence linking most of Hofstede’s cultural dimensions to behavioral intention to household Internet adoption. With the exception of power distance, the results showed that collectivism (low individualism), masculinity, long-term orientation, and uncertainty avoidance had significant effects on the behavioral intention to household Internet adoption. The results demonstrated differences in the driving forces and cultural impact on Internet adoption between households and organizations settings.
Toward an Ethical Framework for Web-Based Collective Intelligence
Abstract
Web-based collective intelligence deserves and intends to become a full discipline with its formal framework, tools, measuring instruments, practical applications, and ethical field. As of yet, little attention has been paid to study the ethical dimension of harvesting the collective intelligence via Web-based collaborative systems. The present study aims to develop an ethical framework for the Web-based collective intelligence in business organizations. Based on a combination of previous ethical frameworks that regulate the ethical behavior in the age of information societies, moral intelligent theories, and ethical theories of collaborative business environments, five layers of ethical principles were identified. These include the morality of collective decisions, compliance with laws and regulations, the collective truthfulness, the collective transparency and responsibility, and the greatest benefits for the greatest number of stakeholders.
The Role of Web-based Group Decision Support Systems in Clarifying the Collective Intelligence
Abstract
The main objective of this research is to develop a conceptual framework for exploring the role of GDSSs in shaping the dimensions of collective intelligence and the expected outcomes. The ever-increasing complexities and controversial challenges in today’s business environment require organizations to be recognized as adaptive systems and be examined as an evolving intelligent being. An organization is intelligent only if it is able to nurture a high level of collective intelligence. The tremendous advances in Internet and Web applications bring impetus to Web-based Group Decision Support Systems (GDSSs) development as the most recent collective intelligence systems. Based on extensive literature review, six dimensions of collective intelligence were identified in this paper. These dimensions are freedom of mind, shared memory, knowledge sharing, collective perception, collective problem-solving, and collective learning. Furthermore, the study’s framework identified four major expected outcomes, involving sense and response capability, relationship quality, decision making quality, and continuous organization learning.